Ghats on the map. Map of Cape Ghats in Russian. Western and southwestern lands of ancient Russia as part of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania

Here is a detailed map of Cape Gata with street names in Russian and house numbers. You can easily get directions by moving the map in all directions with the mouse or by clicking on the arrows in the upper left corner. You can change the scale using the scale with the "+" and "-" signs located on the map to the right. The easiest way to adjust the size of the image is by rotating the mouse wheel.

In which country is the city of Cape Gata

Cape Gata is located in Spain. It's wonderful beautiful city, with its own history and traditions. Coordinates of Cape Gata: latitude north and east longitude (show on a large map).

Virtual walk

An interactive map of Cape Ghats with sights and other tourist attractions is an indispensable aid in independent travel. For example, in the "Map" mode, the icon of which is in the upper left corner, you can see the city plan, and detailed map highways with line numbers. Also you can see the railway stations and airports of the city marked on the map. Nearby you see the "Satellite" button. Turning on satellite mode, you can see the terrain, and by enlarging the image, you can explore the city in great detail (thanks to satellite maps from Google Maps).

Move the "little man" from the lower right corner of the map to any street in the city, and you can take a virtual walk along Cape Gata. Adjust the direction of movement using the arrows that appear in the center of the screen. By turning the mouse wheel, you can zoom in or out on the image.

The Western Ghats stretch along the coast of the Indian subcontinent from north to south. It is customary to call them a mountain range, but in fact, these are not quite ordinary mountains. The folds of the terrain were formed in ancient times, when the ancient supercontinent Godwana disintegrated. The Ghats is the edge of a huge peninsula that forms the whole. The ridge is separated from the Indian Ocean by a small flat strip.

Location

The name very accurately characterizes the external features of the mountains. Translated from ancient Sanskrit, the word "gaty" means steps. The mountains, however, look like them. The Western and Eastern Ghats differ from each other. The western edge is steep, and the eastern one passes into the plain more smoothly. The northern part of the mountains is represented by monolithic ridges formed by the influx of one plate onto another more than 150 million years ago. The southern Ghats, called the Malabar Coast, are more like solitary rolling hills.

One of the most popular tourist destinations for which the Western Ghats are famous is Goa. This small Indian state is dotted with riverbeds that drain from the mountains and carry their waters into the Arabian Gulf. The traveler can easily find a suitable excursion to the mountains, which will meet his wishes. By the way, vacation and accommodation in Goa is considered one of the most economical options. Tourist infrastructure the region is in the stage of active development, local business owners have room to grow. But the beautiful nature more than compensates for the shortcomings of the service.

An equally popular destination, for which many people tend to visit the Western Ghats, is Mumbai. This ancient city is the second most populous city in the world (after the Philippine capital). Here you will find luxury hotels and restaurants, theaters and museums, colorful antiquities and monuments of modern art.

Unique nature

Biologists call the Western Ghats a unique nature reserve. Several species of animals live here, which are not found anywhere else in the world: lion-tailed macaques, hooded ghulman, prickly dormouse, goat-tar, and others. Along with them, less rare animals live, for example, the Indian elephant and baboon. Many tourists go here to admire the butterfly population. V last years their numbers have dwindled, and were once one of the largest in the world. The total number of rare animal species inhabiting the Ghats has exceeded three hundred.

Diverse and vegetable world... Tea is the hallmark of India. The country ranks second in the world (after China) in its procurement. Most of the harvest is obtained on the terraces of the Ghat mountains. Organized by the East India Company at the end of the nineteenth century. When the British colonialists left Hindustan, the plantations survived and have been diligently cultivated ever since.

The local population from time immemorial has been agriculture... Many crops introduced by Europeans in colonial times are grown here.

Man-made and natural attractions

When heading to the Western Ghats, consider the route. Lovers of the animal world will be interested in visiting the unique nature reserves: Mudumalai, Bandipur, Nilgiri. Noteworthy is the luxurious rose garden in Udagamandalam. National parks Eravikulam, Karimpuzha, Mukurthi and Silent Valley are cool on a hot day and help you learn more about unique nature ghat mountains.

There is something to see and lovers of antiquities. The city of Palakkad is especially interesting in this regard. Going to it, visit an ancient fort, a Jain temple, a Brahmin monastery.

• Mount Ana Mudi is the highest point in India south of the Himalayas. Its name is translated from Sanskrit as "elephant's head". In shape, it resembles the forehead of an elephant.
• Yakshagana is a traditional art in this area. It is a dance with a plot and is performed only by men.
• In the Botanical Garden, you can admire the petrified tree, which is 20 million years old.
• On the terraces of the Western Ghats, unique tea trees grow from the bushes.
• And the most important thing is as follows. The Western Ghats is a unique place in which there is no concept of "holiday season". Nature is affectionate here all year round and you can go on a trip at any time.

The Western Ghats is one of those rare mountainous regions on earth, where on the edge of the Deccan plateau, which drops off into the Arabian Sea, a special world of wildlife has been preserved, nowhere else.

ON THE WESTERN CLOSE OF INDOSTAN

The Western Ghats are actually not quite mountains, but the edge of the Deccan Plateau, which rose above the plains when the ancient supercontinent of Gondwana disintegrated.

The Western Ghats, or Sahyadri, is a vast mountain system stretching from north to south, from the Tapti River valley to Cape Comorin. This mountain system forms the western edge of the Deccan plateau, which occupies almost the entire Indian subcontinent. The Western Ghats are separated from the Indian Ocean by a narrow strip of plains: their northern section is called Konkan, the central one is the Canara, and the southern one is the Malabar coast.

The name of the mountains reflects not only their position on Hindustan, but also appearance: Gathas in Sanskrit means "stages". Indeed, the western slope slopes down in steps to the coastal plains that stretch along the coast of the Arabian Sea. The stepped landscape of the mountains is the result of ancient tectonic activity, the "collision" of the tectonic plate of the Deccan plateau on less elevated areas crust... The process lasted for millions of years at different rates. The Western Ghats are not in the full sense a mountain range, but the shifted edge of the Deccan basalt plateau. These shifts took place 150 million years ago, when the great mother of Gondwana disintegrated. Therefore, the northern section of the Western Ghats is composed of a layer of basalt up to 2 km thick, while in the south, less significant layers of gneiss and a variety of granite - charnockite - prevail.

The highest peak of the Western Ghats - Mount Ana Mudi - is also the highest point south of the Himalayas.

In contrast to the monolithic ridges of the north, in the south, scattered here and there separate massifs with irregular outlines of peaks prevail.

The eastern slope of the Western Ghats is a gently sloping plain that descends towards the hinterland of Hindustan.

The Western Ghats is the most important watershed of India: here are the sources of the rivers flowing from west to east and flowing into the Bay of Bengal - Krishna, Godavari and Kaveri, and from east to west into the Arabian Sea - Karaman.

The Western Ghats play a decisive role in shaping the climate of the entire Indian subcontinent, hindering the movement of humid air masses from the Arabian Sea, brought by the western monsoons. If in the west of the mountains there is almost 5 thousand mm of precipitation per year, in the east - five times less. Therefore, the steep western slopes of the mountains are covered with humid tropical forests (almost all are cut down for firewood and for plantations), and the gentler and drier eastern slopes are covered with vast shrouds, where in the middle of the grass there are individual candelabra milkweed, acacias and Deleba palms.

The transverse tectonic valleys separating the mountains help the communication of people living on both sides of the Western Ghats. He became a kind of roads connecting the Malabar coast and the Deccan plateau.

For the same reason, the Western Ghats have always attracted invaders who wanted to occupy these few trade routes from the sea inland. The mountains witnessed the rise of the largest Indian empires, were part of British colonial India. Now they are located on the territory of almost a dozen Indian states.

FIVE THOUSAND MOUNTAIN FLOWERS

The Western Ghats has an amazingly diverse fauna, many species of flora are endemic.

There is a clear difference in the composition of the population on both sides of the Western Ghats. The indigenous inhabitants of the western slopes are representatives of small tribal groups, speaking many languages, but united by common traditions and religions. The spirits of ancestors are worshiped here, poisonous snakes, buffaloes. The main tribes are Konkani and Tuluwa.

Unlike many other geographic areas in India, the Western Ghats is less advanced in technology and tourism. Mainly they are engaged in agriculture, growing the so-called "English" vegetables and fruits cultivated since the time of the British colonial East India Company: potatoes, carrots, cabbage, and from fruits - pears, plums and strawberries. The heritage of the British is also the production of hard cheese.

But the greatest wealth of the Western Ghats is tea: terraces with rows of tea bushes were made back in late XIX v. led by the British East India Company. After the departure of the British, the plantations were preserved, and today India is the second country in the world in the amount of tea produced after.

For the sake of tea in the area of ​​the Western Ghats, almost all the sacred groves that have surrounded every temple since ancient times have been brought together. The few that remain are the property of the village communities and are governed by a council of elders.

Western Ghats is also the most a large number of protected areas in India. The last of the rare species of animals remaining in the country survive here: the lion-tailed macaque, the Indian leopard, the Nilgir goat-tar (inhabiting Mount Ana Mudi), the sambar deer and the muntzhaks, the prickly dormouse, the Nilgir har-za, the hooded ghulman primate. The total number of species threatened with complete destruction and living in the area of ​​the Western Ghats is about 325.

The climate of the Western Ghats is currently undergoing significant changes. Earlier, every year from September to December, people from all over the world gathered on the slopes of the Western Ghats, especially in Anaikati, wishing to admire the magnificent butterflies. Now the number of fluttering insects has dropped dramatically. Scientists see the reasons for this phenomenon in global climate change, and the Western Ghats turned out to be the most sensitive to them from all regions of the world. Forest fires and the expansion of the network of roads and plantations also played a role.

The cities in the Western Ghats are located at a considerable height above sea level, for example, the popular Indian resort - the city of Udagamandalam - is located at an altitude of 2200 m. The largest city in the Western Ghats is Pune, the first capital of the Maratha empire.

Another famous city in the Western Ghats is Palakkad. It is located next to the wide (40 km) Palakkad Pass, which separates the southernmost part of the Western Ghats from the northern one. In the past, the Palacadian Pass was the main migration route for the population from the interior of India to the coast. The passage also serves as a major source of wind energy: the average wind speed here reaches 18-22 km / h, and large wind farms have been built along the entire passage.

ATTRACTION

Natural:

■ Reserves Bandipur and Mudumalai.

■ Waterfalls and rapids of the Picara River.

■ Wenlock Lowlands.

■ Mukurthi, Karimpuzha, Eravikulam and Silent Valley National Parks.

■ Biosphere reserve Nilgiri.

■ Lakes Emerald, Porthi-mund and Avalanche.

■ Lakkom waterfall.

City of Udagamandalam (Ooty):

■ State rose garden.

■ John Sullivan's stone bungalow (1822).

■ St. Stephen's Church (1830).

■ Botanical Garden (1847).

■ Lake Udagamandalam.

■ Toda huts.

■ Railway Ooty (1908).

■ Deer park.

Palakkad city:

■ Jain temple Jainimedu Jain (15th century).

■ The Brahmin monastery of Kalpati (15th century).

■ Fort Palakkad (1766).

■ Malampuza Dam (1955).

■ Imur Bhgavati Temple.

Pune city:

■ Raja Kelkar Museum.

■ Palace of the Aga Khan.

■ The Pataleshwar Temple.

■ Fortresses Simha-Gad, Rajgarh, Thorna, Purander and Shivneri.

■ Palace of Shanvarva-da (1736).

■ Temple of Parvati.

■ The state rose garden of the city of Udagamandalam contains more than 20 thousand varieties of roses, and the Botanical Garden contains a petrified tree 20 million years old.

■ Male Indian muntjac deer mark their territory with lacrimal secretions.

■ Almost all Irula people suffer from respiratory problems. This is caused by the smoke from the grass burnt in the fields: this is how the Irula fight the rats that destroy up to a quarter of the grain harvest.

■ Zambar is the largest Indian deer, with a height of about one and a half meters at the withers, weighing more than three centners and with antlers up to 130 cm long.

■ The name of Mount Ana-Mudi literally translated from the Malayalam language means "Elephant Mountain", or "Elephant's forehead": its sloping peak really resembles the forehead of an elephant.

■ The small rodent prickly dormouse got its name from the needle-like hair on the back. She is sometimes called the pepper rat for her addiction to the fruits of ripening peppers.

■ The traditional art form of the Western Ghats region - yakshagana, dance and dramatic performances with scenes from the ancient Indian epics "Mahabharata" and "Ramayana", was first mentioned back in 1105, Yakshagana is performed only by men.

■ Research carried out in 2014 in rainforest More than a dozen new species of "dancing frogs" have been described in the Western Ghats. They are so named because of their unusual movements during the mating season: males "dance", stretching their legs to the sides, attracting the attention of females.

■ Rows of trees are found on tea plantations in the Western Ghats. This is also tea, bushes turn into trees if they are not cut. Tea trees are left for shade and moisture retention.

GENERAL INFORMATION

Location: South Asia, west of the Indian subcontinent.
Origin: tectonic.
Inner ridges: Nilgiri, Anaimalai, Palni, Kardamom hills.
Administrative affiliation: the states of Gujarat, Maharashtra. Goa, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Kanyakumari.
Cities: Pune - 5,049,968 people. (2014), Palakkad - 130 736 people. (2001), Udagamandalam (Tamil Nadu) - 88 430 people. (2011).
Languages: Tamil, Badaga, Kannada, English, Mapaya Lamas, Tulu, Konkani.
Ethnic composition: Konkani, Tuluwa, Mudugar, and Rula and Kurumbar tribes.
Religions: Hinduism (majority), Islam, Catholicism, animism.
Monetary unit: Indian rupee.
Large rivers: Krishna, Godavari, Kaveri, Karamana, Tapti, Pikara.
Large lakes: Izumrudnoye, Portshimund, Avalanche, Upper Bhavani, Kodaikanal. Major airports: Coimbatore (international), Mangalore (international).

NUMBERS

Area: 187 320 km 2.
Length: 1600 km from north to south.
Width: up to 100 km from east to west.
Average height: 900 m.
Maximum height: Mount Ana Mudi (2695 m).
Other peaks: Mount Doddabetta (2637 m), Hecuba (2375 m), Kattadadu (2418 m), Kulkudi (2439 m).

CLIMATE

Subequatorial, monsoon.
Average January temperature: + 25 ° С.
Average July temperature: + 24 ° С.
Average annual precipitation: 2000-5000 mm, on the eastern slope - 600-700 mm.
Relative humidity: 70%.

ECONOMY

Industry: food (cheese-making, milk powder, chocolate, spices), metal products (needles), woodworking.
Hydroelectricity.
Wind power plants.
Agriculture: crop production (tea, potatoes, carrots, cabbage, cauliflower, pear, plum, strawberry).
Service sector: travel, transport, trade.

Separating this plateau from the narrow coastal plain along the Arabian Sea. The mountain range begins near the border of Gujarat and Maharashtra, south of the Tapti River, stretches for about 1600 km through the states of Maharashtra, Goa, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu and Kerala, and ends at Kanyakumari, the southern end of Hindustan. About 60% of the Western Ghats lies in Karnataka.

The mountains occupy 60,000 km², the average height is 1200 m, the highest point is Anamudi (2695 m). The mountains are home to more than 5000 species of flowering plants, 139 species of mammals, 508 species of birds, 179 species of amphibians. Many species are endemic.

Geology

The Western Ghats are not a full-fledged mountain range, but represent the shifted edge of the Deccan plateau. They probably formed during the collapse of the Gondwana supercontinent about 150 million years ago. Geophysicists Barren and Harisson from the University of Miami defended the version that the western coast of India was formed from 100 to 80 million years ago, after breaking off from Madagascar. Soon after the break-off, the peninsular region of the Indian plate drifted through the region of present-day Reunion (21 ° 06 ′ S, 55 ° 31 ′ E). In the course of large eruptions, the Deccan Plateau was formed - a wide basalt layer in central India. These volcanic processes led to the formation of the northern third of the Western Ghats, their domed outlines. The underlying rocks were formed over 200 million years ago. They can be seen in some places, such as Nilgiris.

Basalt is the main rock; it is found at a depth of 3 km. Other rocks include harnockites, granite gneisses, hondalites, granulites, metamorphic gneisses with occasional limestone inclusions, iron ore, dolerites and anorthosites. Laterite and bauxite deposits are also found in the southern hills.

The mountains

The Western Ghats extend from the Satpura series in the north, and run south through Goa, Karnataka, Kerala and Tamil Nadu. A large mountain range starting in the north is Sahiadhri, there are many mountain stations on it. Small chains include the Kardamom Hills, Nilgiri, Anaimalai and Palni in Kerala and Tamil Nadu. In the Western Ghats lies the highest point of India south of the Himalayas - Ana Mudi (2695 m).

The rivers

The Western Ghats create one of India's watersheds. They give rise to important rivers of peninsular India, flowing from west to east into the Bay of Bengal, such as Krishna, Godwari and Kaveri. Reservoirs have been built on many rivers in Maharashtra and Kerala.

Climate

The climate of the Western Ghats is humid and tropical, varying with altitude and distance from the equator. At an altitude of more than 1500 m in the north and more than 2000 m in the south, the climate is closer to temperate. The average temperature here is +15, in some places in winter the temperature drops to 0. The coldest periods coincide with the wettest.

The mountains are stopped by the western monsoon winds that bring rain, and therefore they receive a lot of rainfall, especially on the western slopes. Dense forests also contribute to rainfall in this area. There are 3000-4000 mm of precipitation per year.

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See what "Western Ghats" is in other dictionaries:

Mountains, see Eastern Ghats Geographic names World: Toponymic Dictionary. M: AST. Pospelov E.M. 2001. Western Ghats ... Geographical encyclopedia

- (Sahyadri) western elevated outskirts of the Deccan plateau, in India. Length approx. 1800 km. The altitude is 1500-2000 m, the highest is 2698 m. It drops abruptly to the Arabian m., The eastern slopes are gentle, the peaks are plateau-like. The western slopes are humid ... ... Big encyclopedic Dictionary

- (Sahyadri), the western elevated outskirts of the Deccan plateau, in India. The length is about 1800 km. The altitude is 1500-2000 m, the highest is 2698 m. It drops abruptly to the Arabian Sea, the eastern slopes are gentle, the peaks are plateau-like. On the western slopes ... ... encyclopedic Dictionary

Western Ghats- mountains, see Eastern Ghats ... Toponymic dictionary

Sahyadri, mountain range in India, the western elevated edge of the Indian subcontinent. The length is about 1800 km, the height is up to 2698 m (Anaimudi city). The western slope is a steep cliff of the Deccan plateau, falling in steps to the Arabian Sea, the eastern ... ... Great Soviet Encyclopedia

.]] The mountains occupy 60,000 km², the average height is 1200 m. The mountains are home to more than 5000 species of flowering plants, 139 species of mammals, 508 species of birds, 179 species of amphibians. Many species are endemic.

Geology

The Western Ghats are not a full-fledged mountain range, but represent the shifted edge of the Deccan plateau. They probably formed during the collapse of the Gondwana supercontinent about 150 million years ago. Geophysicists Barren and Harisson from the University defended the version that the western coast of India was formed from 100 to 80 million years ago, after it broke off. Soon after breaking off, the peninsular region of the Indian plate drifted through the region of present-day a (21 ° 06 ′ S, 55 ° 31 ′ E). In the course of large eruptions, the Deccan Plateau was formed - a wide basalt layer in central India. These volcanic processes led to the formation of the northern third of the Western Ghats, their domed outlines. The underlying rocks were formed over 200 million years ago. They can be seen in some places, such as Nilgiris.

Basalt is the main rock; it is found at a depth of 3 km. Other rocks include harnockites, granite gneisses, chondalites, granulites, and metamorphic gneisses with occasional inclusions of limestone, iron ore, dolerites, and anorthosites, and laterite and bauxite deposits in the southern hills.

The mountains

The Western Ghats extend from the Satpura series in the north, and run south through Goa, Karnataka, Kerala and Tamil Nadu. A large mountain range starting in the north is Sahiadhri, there are many mountain stations on it. Among the small chains are the Kardamom Hills and the Nilgiri Hills in Tamil Nadu. In the Western Ghats lies the highest point of India south of the Himalayas - Ana Mudi (2659 m).

The rivers

The Western Ghats create one of India's watersheds. They give rise to important rivers of peninsular India, flowing from west to east into the Bay of Bengal, such as Krishna, Godwari and Kaveri. Reservoirs have been built on many rivers in Maharashtra and Kerala.

Climate

The climate of the Western Ghats is humid and tropical, varying with altitude and distance from the equator. At an altitude of more than 1500 m in the north and more than 2000 m in the south, the climate is closer to temperate. The average temperature here is +15, in some places in winter the temperature drops to 0. The coldest periods coincide with the wettest.

The mountains are stopped by the western monsoon winds that bring rain, and therefore they receive a lot of rainfall, especially on the western slopes. Dense forests also contribute to rainfall in this area. There are 3000-4000 mm of precipitation per year.